Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT)

What is Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT)?

Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive brain surgery that uses targeted laser energy to destroy abnormal tissue. The procedure uses the NeuroBlate® System, an advanced, MRI-guided technology that allows neurosurgeons to precisely control and monitor the heat delivery in real time.

During LITT a small laser probe is inserted through a tiny opening in the skull and guided directly to the tumor or tissue damaged by radiation necrosis. The laser generates controlled heat to destroy tumor cells while protecting nearby healthy brain tissue.

As LITT only needs a small incision and not a large craniotomy, it is often associated with shorter hospital stays and faster recovery compared to traditional, open brain surgery.

Why is LITT Done?

Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy may be recommended for patients with the following conditions:

• Radiation necrosis
• Certain primary brain tumors
• Metastatic brain tumors
• Tumors located in deep or hard-to-reach areas of the brain
• Tumors in patients who may not be candidates for open surgery (craniotomy or craniectomy)
• Tumors that have returned after prior surgery or radiosurgery

The LITT approach allows neurosurgeons to treat damaged tissue with precision while minimizing disruption to surrounding brain structures.

What to Expect During the Procedure

LITT is performed in an operating room equipped with specialized MRI technology. Patients are placed under general anesthesia for the procedure.

During the procedure:

• A small incision is made in the scalp, and then a tiny hole is created in the skull
• The laser catheter is carefully inserted into the damaged area or tumor
• MRI imaging is used in real time to monitor temperature and guide treatment
• Carefully controlled heat is delivered to destroy or ablate the concerning tissue

The LITT procedure usually lasts several hours but will vary depending on the size and location of the damaged tissue or tumor(s).

What to Expect After the Procedure

Recovery from LITT is generally quicker than from traditional, open brain surgery.

After the procedure:

• Patients are monitored closely in the hospital, where they typically stay one to two days
• Mild headaches and/or temporary swelling may occur
• Follow-up imaging is performed to evaluate treatment results
• Most patients resume normal activities sooner than with open surgery

Your neurosurgical team will provide detailed instructions for recovery and follow-up care.

As with any brain surgery, Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy carries potential risks. While LITT is minimally invasive, possible complications may include:

• Bleeding, infection or swelling in the brain
• Neurological deficits (vary by targeted location)
• Seizures
• Weakness (temporary or permanent)

Prior to any surgery, your neurosurgeon will review your specific case and individual risks to determine if LITT is an appropriate treatment option for you. This allows you to discuss any potential risks and benefits and any other concerns you may have with your surgeon prior to making a treatment decision.

If you are living with a brain tumor or radiation necrosis, talk to your neurosurgeon or oncologist to determine what treatment option is most appropriate for your diagnosis.