Bacterial Infections

What is a Bacteria Infection?

Bacteria are microscopic organisms found everywhere, including inside the human body. While many bacteria are beneficial, some can cause infections when they invade tissues and multiply. Bacterial infections can affect different parts of the body, such as the skin, lungs, digestive system and bloodstream. Some infections are mild, while others can be severe or even life-threatening if left untreated.

Who is at Risk for Bacterial Infections?

You may be at a higher risk of bacterial infections if you:

• Have a weakened immune system from chronic illness or medication.
• Come into close contact with an infected person.
• Have open wounds or cuts that are not properly cleaned.
• Skip important hygiene routines, like cleaning their hands regularly.
• Consume undercooked or contaminated food.

Signs and Symptoms of a Bacterial Infection:

Symptoms of a bacterial infection depend on the type and location but may include:

• Fever and chills
• Fatigue and weakness
• Redness, swelling or pus (for skin infections)
• Cough, difficulty breathing (for respiratory infections)
• Painful urination, cloudy urine (for urinary tract infections)
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (for gastrointestinal infections)

How is a Bacterial Infection Diagnosed?

A health care provider can diagnose bacterial infections based on symptoms and medical history. In some cases, lab tests such as blood tests, urine tests or cultures may be needed to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection.

What are Treatment Options for a Bacterial Infection?

How a bacterial infection is treated varies based on its kind and how serious it is:

• Mild infections: May improve with rest, fluids and over-the-counter pain relievers.
• Antibiotics: Doctors may prescribe antibiotics for bacterial infections like strep throat or UTIs. It’s important to take the full course as prescribed to prevent antibiotic resistance.
• Severe infections: Some infections, such as bacterial pneumonia or sepsis, may require hospitalization and IV antibiotics.

How to Prevent a Bacterial Infection?

The best ways to reduce the risk of bacterial infections include:

• Washing hands regularly with soap and water.
• Cooking food thoroughly and avoiding cross-contamination.
• Keeping wounds clean and covered until healed.
• Staying up to date on recommended vaccinations.
• Avoiding close contact with people who have contagious infections.

When to Seek Care:

You should see a health care provider if you experience:

• A fever that does not improve or gets worse
• Persistent or severe pain
• Difficulty breathing
• A wound that is not healing or is oozing pus
• Symptoms lasting longer than expected or worsening over time
  
  

If you suspect a bacterial infection, schedule an appointment with a health care provider. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and promote faster recovery.

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If you’re wondering where the best place is to get care, please see our guide below:

If your problem is life- or limb-threatening, call 911 or go to the emergency room.

Primary Care – Schedule through MyChart or call your provider’s office who you go to for most health care needs.

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If you’re not sure, call Riverside Nurse 24/7 at 1-800-675-6368