Spirometry

What is Spirometry?

Spirometry is a simple, noninvasive breathing test that measures how well your lungs are functioning. It evaluates how much air you can inhale and exhale, and how quickly you can do so. This test is commonly included in pulmonary function testing used to diagnose and monitor conditions that affect breathing, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory disorders.

Depending on the specific test, spirometry can be done with a handheld device (such as in a doctor’s office) or connected to a computer with special devices attached.

Is Incentive Spirometry the Same Thing?

An incentive spirometer is commonly used after surgery or for patients with lung conditions to encourage slow, deep breaths and improve lung function. These are usually simple devices where the patient blows into a plastic tube to try and raise a measure or small speres. Incentive spirometry isn’t a diagnostic test. It is a simple form of respiratory therapy.

Why Is Spirometry Testing Done?

Doctors use spirometry for a variety of reasons, including:

• Diagnosing lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, and pulmonary fibrosis
• Monitoring lung function in people with chronic respiratory conditions
• Measuring the effect of medications and treatment
• Assessing lung function before surgery
• Evaluating symptoms such as chronic cough, wheezing, or shortness of breath

Before the Test

Your provider will give you instructions on how to prepare. In general, you should:

• Avoid smoking for at least an hour before the test
• Avoid heavy meals and vigorous exercise immediately before the test
• Let your doctor know about any medications you’re taking, especially those that affect breathing
  
  

During the Test

• You'll be seated and asked to place a soft clip on your nose to keep your nostrils closed
• You’ll take a deep breath, then place your mouth around a mouthpiece connected to the spirometry device
• You’ll blow out as hard and fast as you can until your lungs are completely empty
• This process may be repeated several times to ensure accurate results
• The entire procedure usually takes about 15 to 30 minutes
  
  

The test is painless, though you may feel a bit lightheaded or tired from the forced breathing effort.

After the Test

• You can resume your normal activities immediately
• Your provider will review the results, which are typically available right away
• Follow-up tests or treatments may be recommended depending on your lung function

Spirometry is very safe for most people. However, because it involves deep breathing and forceful exhaling, you may experience:

• Brief dizziness or lightheadedness
• Coughing during or after the test
• Shortness of breath or fatigue
  
  

These side effects are usually mild and temporary. If you have a history of heart disease, aneurysms, or recent surgery, your doctor will determine whether spirometry is appropriate for you.