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Abscess

  • Key Points
  • Overview
  • Causes and Risk Factors
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatments
  • Next Steps

Key Points

  • An abscess is a swollen area within body tissue, filled with pus, caused by an infection.
  • Early treatment can prevent complications like spreading infections or permanent tissue damage.
  • Common treatments include drainage and antibiotics, often done in a healthcare setting.

Overview

An abscess is a localized collection of pus that forms due to an infection. Also referred to as a boil or skin abscess, this condition can occur anywhere in the body but is most common on the skin. Abscesses are often painful, red and swollen and may require medical intervention if they don’t resolve on their own. This guide will explain the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatments available, as well as when to seek medical care for an abscess.

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Causes and Risk Factors

Abscesses form when the body’s immune system fights off an infection caused by bacteria, fungi or other pathogens. White blood cells gather in the affected area, creating pus, which contains dead cells and bacteria.

Common Causes:

  • Bacterial infections (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus).
  • Blocked oil or sweat glands.
  • Infected hair follicles.
  • Injuries that break the skin.

Risk Factors:

  • Poor hygiene.
  • Compromised immune systems (e.g., due to diabetes or HIV).
  • Chronic skin conditions such as eczema or acne.
  • Recent surgeries or wounds.

Prevention Tips:

  • Keep skin clean and dry.
  • Avoid sharing personal items like towels or razors.
  • Promptly clean and cover cuts or scrapes.

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Signs and Symptoms

The symptoms of an abscess depend on its location and severity but often include:

Common Symptoms:

  • Swollen, red and tender lump.
  • Warmth around the affected area.
  • Pus or fluid drainage.
  • Fever or chills (if the infection spreads).

Advanced Symptoms:

  • Increased pain or swelling.
  • Spreading redness or streaks.
  • Fatigue or general unwellness.

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Diagnosis

Diagnosing an abscess typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider. In some cases, additional tests may be needed:

Common Diagnostic Methods:

  • Visual and physical inspection.
  • Imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans for deeper abscesses.
  • Lab tests to identify the type of bacteria or pathogen causing the infection.

At Riverside, patients can expect prompt evaluation and access to advanced diagnostic tools to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

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Treatments

Treating an abscess usually involves draining the pus and addressing the underlying infection:

Treatment Options:

  • Incision and Drainage: A healthcare provider makes a small cut to remove the pus, relieving pressure and pain.
  • Antibiotics: Prescribed to treat or prevent further infection, especially if the abscess is severe.
  • Home Care: Warm compresses can help reduce swelling and encourage drainage for small abscesses.

What to Expect at Riverside:

  • Thorough evaluation to determine the best course of action.
  • Skilled medical staff perform drainage procedures in a sterile environment.
  • Guidance on wound care and follow-up to ensure complete healing.

Risks and Side Effects:

  • Scarring at the site of drainage.
  • Recurrence if the infection is not fully resolved.
  • Rare complications like sepsis in untreated cases.

When to Seek Care

Contact a healthcare provider if:

  • The abscess is large, painful or doesn’t improve after a few days.
  • You develop a fever or chills.
  • Redness or swelling spreads beyond the abscess.
  • You have an underlying condition like diabetes or a weakened immune system.

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Next Steps

If you suspect you have an abscess, take action today:

  • Schedule an Appointment: Contact Riverside to consult with a provider.

  • Find a Location Near You: Visit our website for convenient care locations.

  • Learn More: Explore related blog posts about skin infections and treatments.

At Riverside Health, we're dedicated to compassionate, collaborative care. We provide a wide range of services, from childbirth to end-of-life care, delivering over 2 million services each year. Our integrated network allows us to support you seamlessly through health, illness, recovery, and wellness. With top clinicians and advanced technology, we’re here for you at convenient locations close to home and work. Visit riversideonline.com.

If you’re wondering where the best place is to get care, please see our guide below:

If your problem is life- or limb-threatening, call 911 or go to the emergency room.

Primary Care – Schedule through MyChart or call your provider’s office who you go to for most health care needs.

Virtual Clinic – Schedule through MyChart or click Here to learn more about Primary Care On Demand.

MD Express Urgent Care – Click Here to find a location near you for after-hours care or when your primary care provider is busy.

If you’re not sure, call Riverside Nurse 24/7 at 1-800-675-6368

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