Slide show: How to check your blood sugar

To test your blood sugar, you'll need a lancing device with a lancing tip for finger or alternate-site sticks, a test strip and your glucose meter.

1. Lancet
2. Lancing device cap for finger sticks
3. Lancing device cap for alternate-site sticks
4. Glucose meter
5. Lancing device
6. Dial to set depth of skin puncture
7. Vial containing test strips
8. Test strip

Many glucose meters must be calibrated every time you open a new vial of test strips. Each meter has its own calibration technique. Follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully.

Some meters have a code chip — often called a key — that slips into the device. In this image, the code number on the vial of test strips has been entered in the meter using the calibration button. In most testing devices, the calibration button is labeled "C."

Some newer meters don't need calibration.

Wash your hands with soap and warm water. Dry them completely. If you don't have access to soap and warm water, use an alcohol pad to clean the area you plan to stick. Because alcohol can affect your blood sugar reading, dry the area completely before puncturing your skin.

Before you puncture your fingertip, load the test strip into your meter. If you're using a lancing device similar to the one shown here, make sure you've attached the lancing tip for finger pricks. It's usually opaque.

Use the depth dial on the top of the lancing device to select the penetration depth of your lancing tip. Place the tip covering the lancet on the side of your fingertip, which is less sensitive than the flat side of the tip of your finger. Press the button to discharge the lancet.

If your glucose meter is approved for use on alternate sites, change the tip on your lancing device to the correct tip. The lancing tip for alternate sites is usually clear plastic, so you can see the drop of blood as it comes out.

Use soap and water to wash your hands and the area you're going to stick. To stimulate the flow of blood, rub the site briskly before you stick it.

If you're pricking an alternate site for the first time, set the needle stick to its greatest depth. This will help you get enough blood on the first try. As you get more confident with the device, you'll find the depth that's best for you.

Press the lancing device cap down to force the blood out from under your skin. It can take five to 10 seconds to form a drop that's large enough to test.

Don't use an alternate site for testing if you think your blood sugar is low, your blood sugar is rapidly changing because of food or medication, or you've just exercised. The results won't be as accurate as a finger stick.

Hold your hand down to encourage a drop of blood to emerge. If the blood doesn't come out easily, gently squeeze the end of your finger. Avoid touching your skin with the test strip. Instead, touch the drop of blood. The blood will be absorbed by the wicking action of the test strip.

Not all glucose meters work the same way. To view your results, follow the instructions that come with your meter.

Have questions about technique? Ask your diabetes nurse educator to review your technique the next time you visit. If you have problems with your glucose meter, call the manufacturer. The customer service number is usually printed on the back of the meter.

Record the results of each blood sugar test. You'll need this record when you visit your doctor or other members of your diabetes health care team for checkups. Most diabetes record books include places to record the date, time, medication dose, blood sugar test results and relevant comments, such as exercise, a missed meal or illness.

Place the used lancet in a safe container — one that will prevent people from sticking themselves. The type of container shown here is typically found in restrooms at health care facilities.

Lancet disposal boxes are available at health care supply stores and many pharmacies. You may also place used lancets in a heavy-duty plastic container, such as an empty laundry detergent bottle or a metal container with a secure lid. When the container is full, ask your local garbage company about proper disposal. Containers with used lancets are considered hazardous waste.

You may want to keep your blood sugar testing supplies in a small carrying case for easy access when you're on the go. Take special care to keep your equipment out of hot or cold places, such as the glove compartment in your car in summer or winter. When you travel, place your medication prescription with your glucose testing kit. Carry these items with you, rather than stowing them in your luggage.